Meaning of Mass Production
Mass production is the processing of large quantities of standardised goods often using assembly lines or technologies of automation. Mass production is also known as a flow production, repetitive flow production, series production or serial production.
Mass production refers to the effective manufacture of the enormous quantity of similar products. Mechanisation is used to achieve high volume, comprehensive material flow organisation, strict control of quality standards, and division of labour.
Advantages and Disadvantages of Mass Production
*Benefits are as follows: *
When development is strictly monitored, mass production results in the precise assembly, as production line machines have set criteria. For mass-produced goods, labour costs are often lower. This cost savings comes from the production of automated assembly line processes that require fewer employees.
Additionally, the assembly of mass-produced products is faster due to increased automation and performance. This rapid assembly helps to rapidly produce and sell the goods of a company with the ability to create a competitive edge and higher profits.
For instance, McDonald's has a competitive advantage due to the pace at which it can deliver a meal for consumers who are time-conscious.
*Disadvantages include the following: *
Everything about mass production, however, isn't helpful. Setting up an automated assembly line is capital-intensive and requires substantial upfront time and resources. If there is a manufacturing design error, a considerable investment may be needed to overhaul and restore mass production processes. Changes may also be required for reasons other than mistakes.
For example, a pharmaceutical company has a sophisticated assembly line in place to manufacture a standard drug. But a regulatory change in the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) requires a different production process, which would be difficult to respond. Additionally, if one field of mass production is disrupted, it may affect the entire production process.
Though mass production can save on labour costs, workers who stay as part of an assembly line may be losing motivation due to repetitive tasks. The frustration caused by repetitive work can result in low employee morale and higher turnover.
Conclusion
While mass production is now the standard for consumer goods, demand for handmade products persists at higher prices that may or may not be of superior quality. Their charm is the fact they're not meant for everybody.
Upon the introduction and innovation of mass production, consumer goods could be produced for the broadest possible audience. Something required or needed by customers could be achieved in more significant quantities. Mass production led to lower costs of consumer goods.
Consequently, the economies of scale resulted in the most affordable price of any commodity for the customer without having to sacrifice income for the producer.
