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GST Composition Scheme: Rules, Turnover Limit, Rate, Benefits

By Annapoorna

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Updated on: Oct 13th, 2023

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8 min read

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Composition Scheme is a simple and easy scheme under GST for taxpayers. Small taxpayers can get rid of tedious GST formalities and pay GST at a fixed rate of turnover. This scheme can be opted by any taxpayer whose turnover is less than Rs. 1.5 crore*. 

You can know whether a taxpayer opted for a composition scheme or not using the GST search tool. Enter any GSTIN and check the ‘Taxpayer Type’ column in the results to know whether the taxpayer is a regular taxpayer or opted for the composition scheme.

*CBIC has notified the increase to the threshold limit from Rs 1.0 Crore to Rs. 1.5 Crores.

Latest Updates

6th February 2023
Composition taxable persons and those interested to opt into the scheme for FY 2023-24 can do so by submitting a declaration on the GST portal in Form CMP-02 by 31st March 2023.

1st February 2023
Budget 2023 Update
Section 10 of the CGST Act has been amended*. Hence, businesses that supply goods through an e-commerce operator can opt for the composition scheme.

*Yet to be notified by CBIC.

5th July 2022
(a) The due date of GSTR-4 for FY 2021-22 is further extended by a late fee waiver up to 28th July 2022 vide Notification 12/2022 dated 5th July 2022. 
(b) The due date of CMP-08 for April-June 2022 is extended up to 31st July 2022 vide Notification 12/2022 dated 5th July 2022. 

26th May 2022
As per the CGST Notification no.7/2022 dated 26th May 2022, the late fee has been waived for the delay in filing GSTR-4 for FY 2021-22, if it is filed between 1st May and 30th June 2022. 

24th February 2022
Composition taxable persons and those interested to opt into the scheme for FY 2022-23 must submit a declaration on the GST portal in Form CMP-02 by 31st March 2022. 

28th May 2021
As per the outcome of the 43rd GST Council meeting and CBIC notification, 
(1) Interest relief has been provided for filing of CMP-08 for Jan-March 2021 quarter as per which, for any delay, interest is not charged until 3rd May, whereas 9% of reduced interest will be charged if filing is done thereafter until 17th June, and 18% later on.
(2) The due date to file GSTR-4 for FY 2020-21 is extended up to 31st July 2021.
(3) The maximum late fee for GSTR-4 that can be charged will be restricted to Rs.500 per return for nil filing and Rs. 2000 for other than nil filing.

1st May 2021
(1) The due date to file GSTR-4 for FY 2020-21 was extended from 30th April 2021 to 31st May 2021.
(2) Form CMP-08 that was due by 18th April 2021 for January-March 2021 has been given a relaxation in the interest charges. No interest for filing on or before 8th May, interest reduced to 9% between 9th May and 23rd May, but charged at 18% thereafter.
(3) The time limit to file ITC-03 by newly opted composition taxable persons for FY 2021-22 is extended up to 31st May 2021.
 

Who can opt for Composition Scheme

 

A taxpayer whose turnover is below Rs 1.5 crore* can opt for Composition Scheme. In case of North-Eastern states and Himachal Pradesh, the limit is now Rs 75* lakh. As per the CGST (Amendment) Act, 2018, a composition dealer can also supply services to an extent of ten percent of turnover, or Rs.5 lakhs, whichever is higher. This amendment will be applicable from the 1st of Feb, 2019. Further, GST Council in its 32nd meeting proposed an increase to this limit for service providers on 10th Jan 2019*. Turnover of all businesses registered with the same PAN should be taken into consideration to calculate turnover.

*CBIC has notified the increase to the threshold limit from Rs 1.0 Crore to Rs. 1.5 Crores.  

Who cannot opt for Composition Scheme

The following people cannot opt for the scheme-

  • Manufacturer of ice cream, pan masala, or tobacco
  • A person making inter-state supplies
  • A casual taxable person or a non-resident taxable person

What are the conditions for availing Composition Scheme?

The following conditions must be satisfied in order to opt for composition scheme:

  • No Input Tax Credit can be claimed by a dealer opting for composition scheme
  • The dealer cannot supply goods not taxable under GST such as alcohol.
  • The taxpayer has to pay tax at normal rates for transactions under the Reverse Charge Mechanism
  • If a taxable person has different segments of businesses (such as textile, electronic accessories, groceries, etc.) under the same PAN, they must register all such businesses under the scheme collectively or opt out of the scheme.
  • The taxpayer has to mention the words ‘composition taxable person’ on every notice or signboard displayed prominently at their place of business.
  • The taxpayer has to mention the words ‘composition taxable person’ on every bill of supply issued by him.
  • As per the CGST (Amendment) Act, 2018, a manufacturer or trader can now also supply services to an extent of ten percent of turnover, or Rs.5 lakhs, whichever is higher. This amendment will be applicable from the 1st of Feb, 2019.

How can a taxpayer opt for composition scheme?

To opt for composition scheme a taxpayer has to file GST CMP-02 with the government. This can be done online by logging into the GST Portal. This intimation should be given at the beginning of every Financial Year by a dealer wanting to opt for Composition Scheme. Here is a step by step Guide to File CMP-02 on GST Portal.

How Should a Composition Dealer raise bill?

A composition dealer cannot issue a tax invoice. This is because a composition dealer cannot charge tax from their customers. They need to pay tax out of their own pocket. Hence, the dealer has to issue a Bill of Supply. The dealer should also mention “composition taxable person, not eligible to collect tax on supplies”  at the top of the Bill of Supply.

What are the GST rates for a composition dealer?

Following chart explains the rate of tax on turnover applicable for composition dealers :

gst composition scheme rate

As per notification dated 01.01.2018, turnover in case of traders has been defined as ‘ Turnover of taxable supplies of goods’.

How should GST payment be made by a composition dealer?

GST Payment has to be made out of pocket for the supplies made. The GST payment to be made by a composition dealer comprises of the following:

  • GST on supplies made.
  • Tax on reverse charge
  • Tax on purchase from an unregistered dealer*

*Only on the specified categories of goods and services and well as the notified class of registered persons with effect from 1st Feb 2019 but is yet to be notified. Hence, not applicable until then.

What are the returns to be filed by a composition dealer?

A dealer is required to pay tax in a quarterly statement CMP-08 by 18th of the month after the end of the quarter. Also, a return in form GSTR-4 has to be filed annually by 30th April of next financial year from FY 2019-20 onwards. GSTR-9A is an annual return to be filed by 31st December of the next financial year. It was waived off for FY 2017-18 and FY 2019-20. Also, note that a dealer registered under composition scheme is not required to maintain detailed records.

What are the advantages of Composition Scheme?

The following are the advantages of registering under composition scheme:

  • Lesser compliance (returns, maintaining books of record, issuance of invoices)
  • Limited tax liability
  • High liquidity as taxes are at a lower rate

What are the disadvantages of Composition Scheme?

Let us now see the disadvantages of registering under GST composition scheme:

  • A limited territory of business. The dealer is barred from carrying out inter-state transactions
  • No Input Tax Credit available to composition dealers
  • The taxpayer will not be eligible to supply non-taxable goods under GST such as alcohol and goods through an e-commerce portal.

Here is a video to understand about composition scheme under GST

 
About the Author

I preach the words, “Learning never exhausts the mind.” An aspiring CA and a passionate content writer having 4+ years of hands-on experience in deciphering jargon in Indian GST, Income Tax, off late also into the much larger Indian finance ecosystem, I love curating content in various forms to the interest of tax professionals, and enterprises, both big and small. While not writing, you can catch me singing Shāstriya Sangeetha and tuning my violin ;). Read more

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