GST Composition Scheme: Rules, Turnover Limit, Rate, Benefits

Composition Scheme is a simple and easy scheme under GST for taxpayers. Small taxpayers can get rid of tedious GST formalities and pay GST at a fixed rate of turnover. This scheme can be opted by any taxpayer whose turnover is less than Rs. 1.5 crore in the financial year. 

Key takeaways

• Composition scheme is a simple compliance introduced for small taxpayers.
• A taxpayer whose turnover is below Rs 1.5 crore can opt for Composition Scheme.
• No Input Tax Credit can be claimed by a dealer opting for composition scheme.
• The taxpayer has to mention the words ‘composition taxable person’ on every notice or signboard displayed prominently at their place of business and on the top of bill of supply.
• Regular taxpayers can opt for the Composition Scheme using CMP-02 by 31st March 2026 for the FY 2026-27.

Watch the below video to learn all about basics of composition scheme-

Who can opt for Composition Scheme?

A taxpayer whose turnover is below Rs 1.5 crore can opt for Composition Scheme. In case of North-Eastern states and Himachal Pradesh, the limit is now Rs 75 lakh. As per the CGST (Amendment) Act, 2018, a composition dealer can also supply services to an extent of ten percent of turnover, or Rs.5 lakhs, whichever is higher. 

This amendment will be applicable from the 1st of Feb, 2019. Further, GST Council in its 32nd meeting proposed an increase to this limit for service providers on 10th Jan 2019. Turnover of all businesses registered with the same PAN should be taken into consideration to calculate turnover.

Regular taxpayers satisfying conditions enlisted under Section 10 of the CGST Act can opt for the composition scheme using CMP-02 before the financial year begins, by filing on the GST portal by 31st March. For instance, government has taken CMP-02 filing live for opting for composition scheme with the deadline as 31st March 2026 for FY 2026-27.

You can know whether a taxpayer opted for a composition scheme or not using the GST search tool. Enter any GSTIN and check the ‘Taxpayer Type’ column in the results to know whether the taxpayer is a regular taxpayer or opted for the composition scheme.

Who Cannot opt for Composition Scheme

The following people cannot opt for the scheme-

• Manufacturer of ice cream, pan masala, or tobacco.
• A person making inter-state supplies or exempt supplies.
• A casual taxable person or a non-resident taxable person.
• A person supplying services through an e-commerce operator who is required to collect TCS under the CGST Section 52.
• A manufacturer of such goods or supplier of such services notified by the Government on the recommendations of the GST Council.

What are the Conditions for Availing Composition Scheme?

The following conditions must be satisfied in order to opt for composition scheme:

• No Input Tax Credit can be claimed by a dealer opting for composition scheme
• The dealer cannot supply goods not taxable under GST such as alcohol.
• The taxpayer has to pay tax at normal rates for transactions under the Reverse Charge Mechanism
• If a taxable person has different segments of businesses (such as textile, electronic accessories, groceries, etc.) under the same PAN, they must register all such businesses under the scheme collectively or opt out of the scheme.
• The taxpayer has to mention the words ‘composition taxable person’ on every notice or signboard displayed prominently at their place of business.
• The taxpayer has to mention the words ‘composition taxable person’ on every bill of supply issued by him.
• As per the CGST (Amendment) Act, 2018, a manufacturer or trader can now also supply services to an extent of ten percent of turnover, or Rs.5 lakhs, whichever is higher. This amendment will be applicable from the 1st of Feb, 2019.

How can a Taxpayer opt for Composition Scheme?

To opt for composition scheme a taxpayer has to file GST CMP-02 with the government. This can be done online by logging into the GST Portal. Regular taxpayers can opt for the Composition Scheme using CMP-02 by 31st March 2026 for the FY 2026-27 by accessing the GST Portal and navigating to Services → Registration → Application to opt for Composition levy. 

This intimation should be given at the beginning of every Financial Year by a dealer wanting to opt for Composition Scheme. Here is a step by step Guide to File CMP-02 on GST Portal.

How Should a Composition Dealer Raise Bill?

A composition dealer cannot issue a tax invoice. This is because a composition dealer cannot charge tax from their customers. They need to pay tax out of their own pocket. Hence, the dealer has to issue a Bill of Supply. The dealer should also mention “composition taxable person, not eligible to collect tax on supplies”  at the top of the Bill of Supply.

Composition Scheme GST Rate for a Dealer

Following chart explains the rate of tax on turnover applicable for composition dealers :

As per notification dated 01.01.2018, turnover in case of traders has been defined as ‘ Turnover of taxable supplies of goods’.

How Should GST Payment be Made by a Composition Dealer?

GST Payment has to be made out of pocket for the supplies made. The GST payment to be made by a composition dealer comprises of the following:

• GST on supplies made.
• Tax on reverse charge
• Tax on purchase from an unregistered dealer*

*Only on the specified categories of goods and services and well as the notified class of registered persons with effect from 1st Feb 2019 but is yet to be notified. Hence, not applicable until then.

What are the Returns to be Filed by a Composition Dealer?

A dealer is required to pay tax in a quarterly statement CMP-08 by 18th of the month after the end of the quarter. Also, a return in form GSTR-4 has to be filed annually by 30th April of next financial year from FY 2019-20 onwards. GSTR-9A is an annual return to be filed by 31st December of the next financial year. It was waived off for FY 2017-18 and FY 2019-20. Also, note that a dealer registered under composition scheme is not required to maintain detailed records.

What are the Advantages of Composition Scheme?

The following are the advantages of registering under composition scheme:

• Lesser compliance (returns, maintaining books of record, issuance of invoices)
• Limited tax liability
• High liquidity as taxes are at a lower rate

What are the Disadvantages of Composition Scheme?

Let us now see the disadvantages of registering under GST composition scheme:

• A limited territory of business. The dealer is barred from carrying out inter-state transactions
• No Input Tax Credit available to composition dealers
• The taxpayer will not be eligible to supply non-taxable goods under GST such as alcohol and goods through an e-commerce portal.

Read More:
Composition Scheme Rules under GST
GST Composition Scheme Transition
Lower GST Rate Composition Scheme for Service Providers