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One of the fundamental features of GST is the seamless flow of input credit across the chain (from the manufacture of goods till it is consumed) and across the country.
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17th December 2022
The following are recommendations from the 48th GST Council meeting-
(1) CGST Rule 37(1) is going to be amended retrospectively from 1st October 2022 for reversing ITC as per the second proviso to Section 16 of CGST Act, only to the extent of the invoice value not paid to the supplier versus the value of the supply, along with tax payable.
(2) GST Council will insert Rule 37A in CGST Rules that will define steps to reverse ITC claimed on taxes not deposited by the supplier within a specified date. Further, the process of re-availing such ITC where the supplier pays it subsequently will be provided in compliance with Section 16(2)(c) of the CGST Act.
(3) Procedure will be given to verify ITC differences between GSTR-3B and GSTR-2A for FY 2017-18 and 2018-19. It would reduce the need for litigations and give much-needed clarity to taxpayers and officers.
(4) ITC will be available for the scenario stated in Section 12(8) of the IGST Act – the place of supply is a foreign country, but the GST-registered recipient is in India, in cases of goods transportation/courier/mail services.
Input credit means at the time of paying tax on output, you can reduce the tax you have already paid on inputs and pay the balance amount.
Here’s how:
When you buy a product/service from a registered dealer you pay taxes on the purchase. On selling, you collect the tax. You adjust the taxes paid at the time of purchase with the amount of output tax (tax on sales) and balance liability of tax (tax on sales minus tax on purchase) has to be paid to the government. This mechanism is called utilization of input tax credit.
For example- you are a manufacturer: a. Tax payable on output (FINAL PRODUCT) is Rs 450 b. Tax paid on input (PURCHASES) is Rs 300 c. You can claim INPUT CREDIT of Rs 300 and you only need to deposit Rs 150 in taxes.
ITC can be claimed by a person registered under GST only if he fulfils ALL the conditions as prescribed.
a. The dealer should be in possession of tax invoice
b. The said goods/services have been received
c. Returns have been filed.
d. The tax charged has been paid to the government by the supplier.
e. When goods are received in installments ITC can be claimed only when the last lot is received.
f. No ITC will be allowed if depreciation has been claimed on tax component of a capital good
A person registered under composition scheme in GST cannot claim ITC.
ITC can be claimed only for business purposes. ITC will not be available for goods or services exclusively used for: a. Personal use b. Exempt supplies c. Supplies for which ITC is specifically not available
All regular taxpayers must report the amount of input tax credit(ITC) in their monthly GST returns of Form GSTR-3B. The table 4 requires the summary figure of eligible ITC, Ineligible ITC and ITC reversed during the tax period. The format of the Table 4 is given below: A taxpayer can claim ITC on a provisional basis in the GSTR-3B to an extent of 20% of the eligible ITC reported by suppliers in the auto-generated GSTR-2A return. Hence, a taxpayer should cross-check the GSTR-2A figure before proceeding to file GSTR-3B. A taxpayer could have claimed any amount of provisional ITC until 9 October 2019. But, the CBIC has notified that from 9 October 2019, a taxpayer can only claim not more than 20% of the eligible ITC available in the GSTR-2A as provisional ITC. This means taht the amount of ITC reported in the GSTR-3B from 9 October 2019 will be the total of the actual ITC in GSTR-2A and the provisional ITC being 20% of the actual eligible ITC in the GSTR-2A. Hence, matching of the purchase register or expense ledger with the GSTR-2A becomes crucial.
ITC can be availed only on goods and services for business purposes. If they are used for non-business (personal) purposes, or for making exempt supplies ITC cannot be claimed . Apart from these, there are certain other situations where ITC will be reversed.
ITC will be reversed in the following cases-
1) Non-payment of invoices in 180 days– ITC will be reversed for invoices which were not paid within 180 days of issue.
2) Credit note issued to ISD by seller– This is for ISD. If a credit note was issued by the seller to the HO then the ITC subsequently reduced will be reversed.
3) Inputs partly for business purpose and partly for exempted supplies or for personal use – This is for businesses which use inputs for both business and non-business (personal) purpose. ITC used in the portion of input goods/services used for the personal purpose must be reversed proportionately.
4) Capital goods partly for business and partly for exempted supplies or for personal use – This is similar to above except that it concerns capital goods.
5) ITC reversed is less than required- This is calculated after the annual return is furnished. If total ITC on inputs of exempted/non-business purpose is more than the ITC actually reversed during the year then the difference amount will be added to output liability. Interest will be applicable.
The details of reversal of ITC will be furnished in GSTR-3B. To find out more about the segregation of ITC into business and personal use and subsequent calculations, please visit our article.
ITC claimed by the person has to match with the details specified by his supplier in his GST return. In case of any mismatch, the supplier and recipient would be communicated regarding discrepancies after the filling of GSTR-3B. Learn how to go about reconciliation through our article on GSTR-2A Reconciliation. Please read our article on the detailed explanation of the reasons for mismatch of ITC and procedure to be followed to apply for re-claim of ITC.
The following documents are required for claiming ITC: 1. Invoice issued by the supplier of goods/services 2. The debit note issued by the supplier to the recipient (if any) 3. Bill of entry 4. An invoice issued under certain circumstances like the bill of supply issued instead of tax invoice if the amount is less than Rs 200 or in situations where the reverse charge is applicable as per GST law. 5. An invoice or credit note issued by the Input Service Distributor(ISD) as per the invoice rules under GST. 6. A bill of supply issued by the supplier of goods and services or both.
However, ITC is not available for- i. Capital Goods used exclusively for making exempted goods ii. Capital Goods used exclusively for non-business (personal) purposes
Note: No ITC will be allowed if depreciation has been claimed on tax component of capital goods.
A principal manufacturer may send goods for further processing to a job worker. For example, a shoe manufacturing company sends half-made shoes (upper part) to job workers who will fit the soles. In such a situation the principal manufacturer will be allowed to take credit of tax paid on the purchase of such goods sent on job work.
ITC will be allowed when goods are sent to job worker in both the cases:
However, to enjoy ITC, the goods sent must be received back by the principal within 1 year (3 years for capital goods).
An input service distributor (ISD) can be the head office (mostly) or a branch office or registered office of the registered person under GST.ISD collects the input tax credit on all the purchases made and distribute it to all the recipients (branches) under different heads like CGST, SGST/UTGST, IGST or cess.
This applies in cases of amalgamations/mergers/transfer of business. The transferor will have available ITC which will be passed to the transferee at the time of transfer of business.
Please visit our other articles discussing ITC under GST in detail.