What is a Nil Return and when should you file one?

Nil return is filed when the assessee's total income has not crossed maximum amount not chargeable to tax, and his tax liability is nil for the relevant assessment year. The provisions are governed under Section 139(1) under the Income-tax Act, 1961. But if they file ITRs even when their income is below the basic exemption limit, it is termed ‘Nil Return’.

What is a Nil Return?

A nil income tax return is filed to show the Income Tax Department that you fall below the taxable income and therefore did not pay taxes during the year. As per the Income Tax Act, it is not mandatory for individuals earning less than the basic exemption limit to file an ITR. 

Thus, individuals filing nil returns file it in their interest.

When Should I File a Nil Return?

1. To show Income Tax Return as Proof of Income

• There are several instances where income tax serves as proof, say when you are applying for a visa or while getting your passport made.
• This is to continue maintaining a record and also preventative measures in the event of scrutiny from the Income Tax Department.

2. To claim a Refund

Your total income without taking deductions into account could be above the taxable limit, but deductions might be below the minimum exemption limit. If you paid more in taxes than you needed to in the form of TDS, you must file an income tax return to claim a refund.

How to File a Nil Return Online?

Filing a nil return is no different from filing a regular income tax return.

• Enter your income details and deductions. Income tax is computed, and you will be shown that you have no tax due.
• Submit your return to the Income Tax Department. E-Verify your ITR to complete the e-filing process.

Benefits of Filing Nil Returns

• ITR may be required for applying for a visa.
• Passport applications accept Nil ITR as valid proof of address.
• ITR is required for loan applications as supporting evidence to ascertain eligibility.
• Banks may deduct TDS on interest on deposits. The TDS refund can be claimed by filing nil ITR.
• A few organizations may deduct the TDS of people working as consultants or freelancers while disbursing their payment. They need to file nil ITR to claim a TDS refund when they don’t fall in the tax bracket.
• Filing ITR is mandatory for individuals who own a foreign asset even when their income is below the threshold.
• It is possible to carry forward losses incurred in the stock market by filing nil ITR when the income is below the threshold.
• It is mandatory to file ITR for the following categories -
  • If you have deposited an amount or aggregate of the amounts exceeding one crore rupees in one or more current accounts maintained with a banking company or a cooperative bank; or
  • If you have incurred expenditure of an amount or aggregate of the amounts exceeding two lakh rupees for himself or any other person for travel to a foreign country; or
  • If you have incurred expenditure of an amount or aggregate of the amounts exceeding one lakh rupees towards consumption of electricity

Due Date to File Nil Income Tax Return

The due dates for nil return is similar to that of normal ITR. Individuals must file a nil return before 31st July of the assessment year, (31st August in some cases). For the assessment year 2026-27, the due date for filing ITR-1 and ITR-2 is 31st July, whereas for ITR-3 and ITR-4, (where tax audit is not applicable), the due date is 31st August, 2026. If the nil return is filed after the due date, it will be considered a belated return. In that case, no late filing fees will be charged.