Professionals like Lawyers, Doctors, Interior Decorators etc. having turnover up to Rs. 50 lakhs are exempted from maintaining books of accounts under presumptive taxation scheme under section 44ADA. They can just report their turnover, and calculate profits as half the turnover, and pay taxes on the profits under slab rates.
Key Highlights
- If the sales are fully digital, professional with turnover up to Rs. 75 lakhs can opt for presumptive taxation scheme.
- 50% of the turnover should be reported as profits under section 44ADA.
- This scheme is applied only for professionals specified under the relevant income tax rules (eg. Engineers, Chartered Accountants, etc.)
As the name suggests, under presumptive taxation scheme, a certain percentage of turnover is directly presumed as your income, without elaborate calculation of profits, after considering all the deductions.
Under the Income Tax Act, section 44AD and 44ADA deals with presumptive taxation.
Section 44ADA is a special provision for calculating the taxable income for small professionals in certain circumstances.
Section 44ADA was introduced to extend the scheme of simplified presumptive taxation to specified professionals. Earlier, the presumptive scheme of tax was available only to small businesses.
The presumptive scheme of taxation reduces the compliance burden on small professions and facilitates ease of doing business. Under the presumptive scheme of taxation, profits/taxable income is presumed at 50% of the gross receipts.
The presumptive taxation limits for FY 2024-25 (AY 2025-26) is as follows:
Category | Revised limits |
Sec 44AD: For small businesses | Rs. 3 crore* |
Sec 44ADA: For professionals like doctors, lawyers, engineers, etc. | Rs. 75 lakh* |
*The increase in limits is subject to a condition that 95% of the receipts must be through recognized banking channels (i.e., through account payee cheque, demand draft, electronic clearing system or other recognized modes).
Individuals and partnership firms are eligible for presumptive taxation under section 44ADA. Limited Liability Partnerships (LLPs) are not eligible to opt for Section 44ADA. Persons engaged in the following professions are eligible:
The following conditions must be met to opt for presumptive taxation scheme under Section 44ADA of the Income Tax Act:
Example 1:
Mr Ram is a freelance interior decorator. His total receipts for the financial year 2023-24 are Rs. 30 lakhs. His total annual office expenses are Rs 10 lakh towards rent, conveyance, telephone, travelling etc.
Here, we can compare his taxable income under normal provisions and the presumptive scheme as below:
Particulars | Under Normal Provisions | Under Presumptive Basis |
Gross Receipts | 30 Lakhs | 30 Lakhs |
Less: Expenses Allowed | (10 Lakhs) | (15 Lakhs) |
Net Profit / Taxable Income | 20 Lakhs | 15 Lakhs |
In the above case, Mr Ram can opt for presumptive taxation if the tax is paid on 50% of gross receipts. Hence, Ram can opt to pay tax under the presumptive scheme of taxation under section 44ADA.
Example 2:
Geeth is a medical practitioner, whose total gross receipts are Rs. 55,00,000, and cash receipts out of the same is Rs. 2,50,000. The yearly expense incurred to earn the professional income is Rs. 9,00,000.
Here’s how we can compute the net income chargeable to tax under the presumptive taxation scheme.
Particulars | Amount |
Total gross receipt | Rs. 55,00,000 (this is under the increased/ revised limit of Rs.75 lakh) |
Cash receipts (i.e, it should be less than 5% of the total receipts) | Rs. 2,50,000 (which is less than 5% of total receipts), hence Geeth can opt to pay tax under presumptive taxation |
Income chargeable to tax under presumptive basis | Rs. 27,50,000 (50% of the gross receipts) |
In the above illustration, the total receipt is below the revised/increased presumptive limit of Rs. 75 lakh and the cash receipt is less than 5% of the total receipts. Hence the taxpayer can opt for the presumptive taxation scheme under section 44ADA and the taxable income chargeable is 50% of the total receipts.
By following Section 44ADA, an assessee would get the following benefits:
If an assessee meets any of the following criteria, then they must maintain books of accounts and get accounts audited under section 44AB:
Income from the profession is offered at a lower rate than 50% of the gross receipts (i.e., the expenses to be claimed is more than 50% of the gross receipts) and the total income is more than the basic exemption.
Related Articles:
1. Section 44AD - Presumptive Scheme for Businesses
2. Section 44BBD of Income Tax Act: Presumptive Taxation for Non-Residents